DNP-Project Discussion Questions

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How to Make APA Format Tables and Figures Using Microsoft Word

I. Tables versus Figures

Tables and figures are used to display critical information, which may be challenging to share in the text. Tables use words and numbers displayed where the arrangement of the data does not visually display a spatial arrangement. Figures, on the other hand, communicate numerical information using spatial relations for comparison. For specific information about tables and figures according to the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA, 2020). DNP-Project Discussion Questions

II. Examples of APA Tables

A. Descriptive Table

Table 1

Characteristics of Variables

Note: Add notes here = (Provide any reference, 2019).

Table 1

Number of Handoffs Per Groups

Note. SBAR handoff was defined as …. (Reference, 2020)

Table 1

Age, Gender Level of Education, and Experience

Table 1

Number of Hours Per Week Spent in Various Activities

Note. Schoolwork was defined as time spent doing classwork outside of regular class time. *statistically significant at p <.05

B. Chi-Square Example (Group IV x Group DV)

Table 1

Cross-tabulation of Groups and Misses and Non-Misses

Note. **= p < .01. Adjusted standardized residuals appear in parentheses below group frequencies.

Table 1

Cross-tabulation of Gender and Chronic Pain

Note. **= p < .01. Adjusted standardized residuals appear in parentheses below group frequencies.

C. t-Test Example (Dichotomous Group IV x Score DV)

Notice two separate t-test results have been reported, which can be compared by the reader.

Table 1

Chronic Pain Score and Exercise Time for Males and Females

Note. * = p < .05, *** = p < .001. Standard deviations appear in parentheses below means.

Table 1

Enter a descriptive title.

Note. * = p < .05, *** = p < .001. Standard deviations appear in parentheses below means.

D. One Way ANOVA with 3 Groups Example (Group IV x Score DV)

Within an analysis of variance (ANOVA), an analysis of the effects of comparisons is reported using the F and n2. Notice in the table below, four different analyses or comparisons are displayed. However, if a significant difference is noted, the analysis should go further and provide the comparisons which are made post hoc for any significant analyses. The F value is marked as significant or not with asterisks (***). The power of this table is the ability to examine four different analyses at the same time. DNP-Project Discussion Questions

Table 1

Analysis of Variance for Sleep Times and Experimental Groups

Note. * = p < .05, *** = p < .001. Standard deviations appear in parentheses below means. Means with differing subscripts within rows are significantly different at the p < .05 based on Fisher’s LSD post hoc paired comparisons.

Any comparison found to be significant should be further evaluated using a post hoc analysis to determine the factor associated with the significance, e.g., aerobic exercise, weightlifting, or no exercise.

E. Factorial ANOVA Example 2 x 3 Between-Subjects Design

Two tables are used within a factorial ANOVA. First, the overall results for the main effects are provided for the two independent variables. Then the interaction effect for the two independent variables is provided. The simple effects are used to show any interactions which may be present. DNP-Project Discussion Questions

Table 1

Experimental Group x Sex Factorial Analysis of Variance for Sleep Scores

** = p < .01.

Table 5

Analysis of Sleep Scores for Experimental Groups by Gender

Note. ** = p < .01. Standard deviations appear in parentheses bellow means. Means with differing subscripts within rows are significantly different at the p < .05 based on Fisher’s LSD post hoc paired comparisons.

F. Correlations (Scores IV x Scores IV)

Table 1

Pearson’s Product Moment Correlations for Chronic Pain Score, Exercise Attitude Scores,

and Physical Activity

Note. † = p < .10, *= p < .05, **= p < .01, ***= p < .001. N = 96 for all analyses.

III. Examples of APA Figures

Figures are used to show spatial relationships so that comparisons between variables or factors can be visually demonstrated. Figures should be easy to read, relevant, and identify the features being compared using labels, titles, and colors to present the data. The figure should be kept on one page and supplement the text. The caption should provide enough detail that the figure can be understood without having to refer to the text. DNP-Project Discussion Questions

Figure 1 Graph of Scores Before and After

Note: Reprinted from S. GCU. Alternatively, adapted from or www.website.com and reprinted with permission.

Additional Examples:

Table 1

Chronic Pain Score and Exercise Time for Males and Females

Note. * = p < .05, *** = p < .001. Standard deviations appear in parentheses below means.

Table 1

Table Title Should be Capitalized and Italicized, if Longer Than One-line, Single Space the Title so That it Runs Like This.

______________________________________________________________________________

Variable Variable

Category Group Group Group Group

Table Spanner

1 # # # #

2 # # # #

3 # # # #

___________________________________________________________________________

Table Spanner

1 # # # #

2 # # # #

3 # # # #

___________________________________________________________________________

Total # # # #

Table 1

Means and Standard Deviations in the Measure

_____________________________________________________________________________

Enter the Measure or Variable Score

Category n M SD

Note: Enter notes

*Enter specific notes

Table 1

Participant Characteristics

__________________________________________________________________________

Group One Other Group

Measure M SD M SD F (DF) p __

Table 1

Independent Sample t-test

____________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

Note: M = Mean, SD = Standard Deviation.

***P<0.001. N=#

Table 1

Chi-Square Results

Note. **= p < .01. Adjusted standardized residuals appear in parentheses low group frequencies.

Table 1

One-Way Analysis of Variance of the Results

____________________________________________________________________________________

References

American Psychological Association (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological

Association. (7th ed.). Washington, DC; Author

Microsoft Word ®. (2019). Retrieved from https://products.office.com/

Before 38 36 43 35 37 37 39 36.027027027027025 35.054054054054056 39 42.05263157894737 36 37 36 37 36 36.027027027027025 36 36 37 37 After 25 24 23 22 27 30 27 33 29 37 30 22 23 29 33 34 30 29 31 35 32

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Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, including a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words. Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source. One or two-sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words. I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.

• Weekly Participation

Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately. In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies. Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work). Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.

• APA Format and Writing Quality

Familiarize yourself with the APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in Loud-cloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required). Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation. I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.

• Use of Direct Quotes

I discourage over-utilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Master’s level and deduct points accordingly. As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content. It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source. DNP-Project Discussion Questio

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• Late Policy

The university’s policy on late assignments is a 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies. Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances. If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect. I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension. As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.

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